By: tracy ma
Submitted: 2012-02-20 01:18:02 | Word Count: 496
With the increasing incidence of depression, the development and use of antidepressant drugs are concerned by foreign multinationals. Existing antidepressants include monoamine oxidase inhibitors and tricyclic tetracyclic heterocyclic antidepressants, SSRIs, selective NE reuptake inhibitors, NE and DA reuptake inhibitors), SNRIs, NE capacity and specific 5-HT antidepressants, 5-HT2 receptors antagonists, 5-HT reuptake inhibitors and other antidepressants.
Depression, including single-phase depression, adjustment disorder, minor depression, seasonal affective disorder, premenstrual anxiety disorders, postpartum depression, atypical depression and bipolar mental disorder, bipolar disorder and other types. The pathogenesis of brain of a variety of neurotransmitters (such as the NE, DA and 5-HT) imbalance. The main types of antidepressants, including: traditional antidepressants, including monoamine oxidase inhibitors and tricyclic tetracyclic heterocyclic antidepressants, of SSRIs, selective NE reuptake inhibitor irinotecan, NE and DA reuptake inhibitors, SNRIs, NE and specific 5-HT antidepressants, 5-HT2 receptors antagonists and 5-HT reuptake inhibitors and other antidepressants, including tianeptine and herbal medicines.
MAOI is earlier used in the clinical class of antidepressants, isopropyl hydrazine, phenelzine benzene, Cyclopropylamine drugs. Foods rich in tyramine such as cheese, yeast, chicken liver, alcohol in combination can occur in hypertensive crisis. SSRIs is currently the most widely used antidepressants in clinical practice accounts for a share of more than half of the antidepressant market in the world. The mechanism of action of SSRIs selectively inhibits the central nervous system presynaptic reuptake of 5-HT increase in the synaptic cleft at the 5-HT concentration, reaching antidepressant purposes. NE receptors, M-cholinergic receptors and histamine H receptors had no effect. In recent years, the SSRIs have achieved great progress, commonly known as the antidepressant. Five golden flowers include: fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, citalopram and fluorine fluvoxamine. These drugs, tricyclic anti-cholinergic, anti-histamine or alpha-adrenergic blocking activity plant extracts. Various episodes of depression; adverse reaction; no effect on alpha-adrenergic receptor, to avoid orthostatic hypotension; no toxic effects on the heart, drug overdose when security; patients of a SSRIs invalid, can a SSRIs are still effective. In addition, studies have shown that of SSRIs (especially paroxetine) in the treatment of depression, anxiety symptoms, there are significant therapeutic effect.
The SNRI mechanism for both the inhibition of 5-HT reuptake inhibition of NE reuptake has a dual role. With TCAs difference is that in addition to the 5-HT and NE reuptake inhibition outside of α1, cholinergic and histamine receptor affinity, so SNRIs selective.
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Other antidepressants, including tianeptine and herbal. Belongs to the tricyclic antidepressants tianeptine structure, but different from the traditional tricyclic antidepressants, has a unique pharmacological effects, the increase of presynaptic 5-HT reuptake increase vesicles 5 -HT, store, and to change its activity, the synaptic cleft 5-HT concentrations decreased, while no effect of 5-HT synthesis and release of presynaptic membrane.
So far, the main melatonin agonist is only for insomnia. And similar variety agomelatine has the function of antidepressant and improving the efficacy of sleep parameters. It avoids competition from similar species and has more advantages than the past anti-depression drug. So it has bright market prospect.
Source:http://www.cospcn.com
